Anxiety Disorders & Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): A NeuroHormonal Perspective of Shirodhara – An Ayurvedic Review
Abstract
Background:
Anxiety disorders, particularly Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), represent one of the most
prevalent psychiatric conditions globally, significantly impacting quality of life and productivity.
The neuro-endocrine mechanisms underlying anxiety involve hyper-activation of the
hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, cortisol exhaustion, and dysregulation of
neurotransmitters such as GABA and serotonin. Ayurveda describes anxiety in terms of
Chittodvega, a Manas vyadhi involving Vata-prakopa, Rajas-Tamas aggravation, and Oja-kshaya.
Shirodhara is traditionally indicated for disorders of mind and stress-related psychic disturbances.
Aim/Objectives:
To evaluate Shirodhara through modern neuro-hormonal mechanisms and classical Ayurvedic
principles in the management of anxiety disorders and GAD.
Methods:
A narrative review of Ayurvedic treatises (Bruhatrayee, Laghutrayee, Nighantu, Rasashastra
texts) and modern biomedical literature was conducted. Data were extracted from PubMed,
Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar using keywords: Anxiety, GAD, Shirodhara,
neuroendocrine, cortisol, GABA, melatonin, HPA axis.
Key Review Findings: Shirodhara modulates HPA axis activity, decreases cortisol, enhances
GABA and serotonin levels, increases parasympathetic tone, and improves sleep architecture.
Ayurvedically, it pacifies Vata, balances Rajas-Tamas, nourishes Ojas, and stabilizes PranaVyana-Sadhaka Pitta.
Conclusion:
Shirodhara offers a promising integrative therapy for GAD through a dual framework neurohormonal regulation and Ayurvedic mind–body balancing. Further randomized, neurobiochemical studies are required for stronger clinical validation.
Keywords
Anxiety disorders, GAD, Shirodhara, HPA axis, cortisol, GABA, Manovaha srotas, Ayurveda, neuro-hormonal modulation, Rasayana therapy.