Physiological Impact of Shift Work Sleep Disorder and Analysis of Sleep Quality Through Ancient Principles: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Study
Abstract
Shift Work Sleep Disorder (SWSD) is a circadian rhythm sleep disorder commonly observed among individuals engaged in night shifts, rotating duties, and irregular work schedules. Chronic disruption of the sleep–wake cycle leads to impaired sleep quality, fatigue, metabolic disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, cardiovascular risk, and psychological stress. Modern management strategies primarily focus on sleep hygiene, pharmacotherapy, melatonin supplementation, and behavioral interventions; however, long-term outcomes remain inconsistent. Ayurveda describes sleep (Nidra) as one of the three fundamental pillars (Trayopastambha) essential for physiological equilibrium and mental health. Disturbance of natural circadian rhythms due to inappropriate lifestyle and nocturnal awakening (Ratri Jagarana) is considered a major cause of Vata aggravation, Manodosha imbalance, and impaired tissue restoration. The present randomized controlled clinical study evaluated the physiological impact of SWSD and analyzed sleep quality using Ayurvedic principles. Sixty participants with clinically diagnosed SWSD were randomized into trial and control groups. The trial group received Ayurvedic interventions including Nidrajanana Ahara-Vihara, Brahmi Churna, Ashwagandha Churna, and sleep hygiene counseling based on Ayurvedic principles, whereas the control group received conventional sleep hygiene advice alone. Assessment was performed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), perceived stress scale, heart rate variability, and serum cortisol levels. The Ayurvedic intervention group demonstrated statistically significant improvement in sleep quality, daytime alertness, stress scores, and autonomic balance. The study suggests that ancient Ayurvedic principles may provide an effective holistic approach in the management of SWSD and reshtoration of circadian harmony.
Keywords
Shift Work Sleep Disorder, Nidra, circadian rhythm, Ayurveda, sleep quality, Ratri Jagarana, randomized controlled trial